為嬰兒（5-12個月）準備的必需品和環境設置： 坐與爬行階段 Essential things & environment for a newborn (5-12 months): sitting and crawling stage

03/02/2021

5-12個月大的孩子經歷了人生最大的發展里程碑，在這短短的幾個月內，孩子不僅學會了翻身，坐，爬行，四點（手和膝蓋）爬行，站，甚至走的大肢體發展；也開始全手抓放，二指或者三指抓捏等精細動作。在這段時間，孩子還開始了所謂的"自然離乳"，慢慢嘗試各種形式的食物。 同時孩子開始和身邊的人進行各種互動，如微笑，揮手，有些孩子甚至開始可以說上幾個字。

因為每個孩子的發展里程碑的時程表各有不同，因此在這里介紹的各種所需物品和環境的設計是針對發展階段而非孩子的月份。

坐與爬行階段

物品的準備

  • 木製的帶鈴鐺圓柱體
  • 各類不同大小，不同材質的球
  • 帶可滑動輪子的汽車

以上三款物品不僅可以刺激促進孩子的大肢體動作的發展，同時鼓勵孩子更多的自主爬行。

  • 木製的蛋球杯
  • 木製的滾球座
  • 木製的圓形套環 （環，在這階段應該是大的，容易套進，並且以一個為基準）

木製的蛋球杯，滾球座和圓形套環不僅可以訓練孩子的手眼協調，同時可以訓練孩子有目的性的全手，四指抓放的能力。木製的滾球座還可以讓孩子明白"物體恆存"的概念。

環境的準備

樓梯

孩子自己發現自己，開始自己上下攀爬，這對於孩子的大肢體活動提供了極大程度的幫助。孩子所做的每個動作都是自己所能掌控的，同時他們的內在擁有動力要去自我挑戰。他們學會信任自己的身體，以適合自己的步調獲得信心和技能，最終學會在樓梯上變得安全和敏捷。主要照顧者在孩子爬樓梯的這個工作中的主要任務不是制止，而是確保孩子的安全性。

本文內容由ivy's house montessori提供


Sitting and crawling stage

Child aged 5-12 months has experienced the most significant developmental milestones in his life. In these short months, the child has not only learned to stand up, sit, crawl, stand, and even walk such gross motor development. He also begins to grasp and release with the whole hand, two or three fingers grasping, and other fine motor developments. During this time, the child also started the so-called "Self-weaning" and slowly tried various food in various forms. At the same time, he begins to interact with people around them, such as smiling and waving. Some child even starts to speak a few words.

Because each child's developmental milestones happen at different paces, the various required items, and prepared environments introduced here are designed for the development stage rather than the child's specific age month.

Items preparation

• Wooden cylinder with bell

• All kinds of balls of different sizes and materials

• Cars with sliding wheels

The above three items can stimulate and promote the child's gross motor movements and encourage them to crawl more autonomously.

• Wooden egg ball cup

• Wooden box with tray and ball

• Wooden ring on stable base (the ring should be broad at this stage, easy to grasp and put in, use one ring first)

The wooden egg ball cup, a box with tray and ball, and ring on the stable base can train the child's hand-eye coordination and purposeful full-hand and four-fingers grasping and releasing ability. The wooden box with tray and ball also helps the child to understand the concept of "object permanence."

Environmental preparation

Stairs

The child finds himself start to climb up and down independently, which encourages the child's gross motor development. Every action the child makes is under his control, and at the same time, he has an inner motivation to challenge himself. He learns to trust his bodies, gain confidence and skills at a pace that suits him, and eventually learns to be safe and agile on climbing up and down the stairs. The primary caregiver's main task for the child is not to stop it, but to ensure the child's safety.

Contents powered by ivy's house montessori

Share