為嬰兒(5-12個月)準備的必需品和環境設置: 走動的階段 Essential things & environment for newborn (5-12 months) :walking stage
走動的階段
5-12個月大的孩子經歷了人生最大的發展里程碑,在這短短的幾個月內,孩子不僅學會了翻身,坐,爬行,四點(手和膝蓋)爬行,站,甚至走的大肢體發展;也開始全手抓放,二指或者三指抓捏等精細動作。在這段時間,孩子還開始了所謂的"自然離乳",慢慢嘗試各種形式的食物。 同時孩子開始和身邊的人進行各種互動,如微笑,揮手,有些孩子甚至開始可以說上幾個字。
因為每個孩子的發展里程碑的時程表各有不同,因此在這里介紹的各種所需物品和環境的設計是針對發展階段而非孩子的月份。
物品的準備
- 投幣箱
- 木製的方型套環
- 兩三個不同形狀的可以開關的瓶瓶罐罐(如茶葉罐,空的潤唇膏等)
- 兩三件敲打樂器
投幣箱和木製的方型套環可以訓練孩子的手眼協調,同時可以開始訓練孩子有目的性的二指或者三指抓放的能力。投幣箱和木製的方型套環是壓球和圓形套環的進階版。
兩三個不同形狀的可以開關的瓶瓶罐罐(如茶葉罐,空的潤唇膏等)可以訓練孩子的手眼協調能力。
敲打樂器可以訓練孩子的聽覺. "沒有其他事情可以像音樂一樣,更可以打動我們。沒有其他比打開音樂這扇門更好的禮物,我們可以贈予我們的孩子。" -蒙特梭利博士
環境的準備
學步推車, 可以鼓勵並且幫助孩子學習走動。值得注意,該推車需要裝上一個沙袋或其構造需要足夠重,這樣孩子不會傾翻拉起它。 可以打開並探索的櫃門和抽屜:可以是廚房,浴室或者房間的某個櫥櫃門或抽屜。成人在這個櫃門或者抽屜放置東西供孩子尋找,例如生活用品和鍋碗瓢盆,梳子,夾子等
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Walking Stage
A child aged 5-12 months has experienced the most significant developmental milestones in his life. In these short months, the child has not only learned to stand up, sit, crawl, stand, and even walk, such gross motor development. He also begins to grasp and release two or three fingers grasping and other fine motor developments with the whole hand. During this time, the child also started the so-called "Self-weaning" and slowly tried various food in various forms. At the same time, he begins to interact with people around them, such as smiling and waving. Some child even starts to say a few words.
Because each child's developmental milestones happen at different paces, the various required items, and prepared environments introduced here are designed for the development stage rather than the child's specific age month.
Item preparation
• Wooden coin box
• Wooden square cube with vertical dowel
• Two or three different shapes of openable bottles (such as tea cans, empty lip balm)
• Two or three percussion instruments
The coin box and the wooden square ring can train the child's hands-eyes coordination, and at the same time, these two materials can begin to train the child's purposeful two-fingers or three-fingers grasping and to release ability. The coin box is an advanced version of a "wooden box with balls that can be pushed down," The wooden square ring is an advanced version of the wooden ring on a stable base.
Two or three different shapes of openable bottles (such as tea cans, empty lip balm, etc.) can train the child's hands-eyes coordination.
Music can touch us in a way that Nothing else can. No better gift can we give to the child than to open this door for them." - Dr. Montessori.
Environmental preparation
Toddler wagon can encourage and help the child learn to walk. A wagon that is weighted with either a sandbag or in its construction - needs to be heavy enough, so it does not tip as the child pulls up.
Available cabinet doors and drawers can be opened and explored: it can be a cabinet door or drawer in the kitchen, bathroom, or room. Adults can put "safe" things in this cabinet or drawer for the child to find daily necessities, pots, pans, combs, and clips.
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