為嬰兒（2-5個月）準備的必需品Essential things & environment for newborn (2-5 months) 

09/22/2020


2-5 個月的嬰兒對身體的控制已經比剛出生時較熟練，比如頭會轉向聲音發出處，也會出現一些全手抓的動作；同時嬰兒的視覺也慢慢可以開始看到色彩，慢慢看清近距離的物品及看到稍微遠一點距離的物體。


那麼在這個時間段的嬰兒，需要什麼環境和物品呢？


這段時間的嬰兒，最必須而且最重要的是建立人與人的關係，因此與爸爸媽媽或者主要照顧者的互動便是最基礎的人際關係的基礎！

2-5個月的嬰兒還是非常需要建立安全感和信任感，因此如同新生兒一樣，爸爸媽媽優質的陪伴和互動是孩子建立安全感，信任感最好的方法。您可以多輕輕觸摸您的寶寶，與他/她輕聲交談，在孩子醒著的時候可以和他/她聊聊天，哼唱著童謠，在孩子趴著練習抬頭的時候可以為孩子讀繪本。


物品的準備

  • 一組漸色球（5-7個）

該漸色球的顏色的細微變化既有趣又美麗，可幫助嬰兒提高視覺識別能力。爸爸媽媽可以將它們以45度角懸掛，最暗的顏色懸掛在最低的位置，最亮的顏色懸掛在最高的位置。嬰兒躺在漸色球的下面，可以觀察顏色的變化。


  • 手拉吊環

可以把一個小的木製圓環綁在有一定彈性的絲帶一邊，然後另外一邊固定在嬰兒健身架上或者是固定在嬰兒活動區嬰兒手抓可能碰到的高度。這個手拉吊環可以促進嬰兒的手眼協調發展，並可能激發嬰兒為了抓球和擊球的全手反應。應注意的是，圓環应该足够大，嬰兒可以伸手抓。


  • 2-3個木製的小玩具

不一樣的木製玩具如木製汽車，木製海豚，木製搖鈴，木製球可以刺激嬰兒的觸覺發展並且可能激發嬰兒的抓握能力。如果是有聲音的木製搖鈴，嬰兒可以一邊做出搖的動作，木製搖鈴會發出柔和的聲音，從而鼓勵嬰兒做出更多搖的動作。


  • 各類小球

各類的小球可以刺激嬰兒全手抓的身體活動，同時小球應該是可以緩慢滾動，這樣日後當嬰兒趴著的時候，可以刺激嬰兒的匍匐爬行動作。


  • 一個木製的互鎖環

互鎖環可以讓嬰兒練習全手抓，同時也可以讓嬰兒練習雙手交換的動作。


  • 一面低矮的鏡子

鏡子可以幫助嬰兒探索和發展注意力，也可以幫助嬰兒對周圍環境有新的認識。看到鏡子上的反射，嬰兒可以專注於自己的動作並進行協調。在嬰兒照鏡子的時候，爸爸媽媽應該需要在旁邊指導，告訴孩子這個是鏡子，鏡子裡的你和我是我們真實的人像反射。爸爸媽媽可以將鏡子放在運動/活動區域，而避免將鏡子放在嬰兒床旁邊，因為嬰兒床應該是休息的地方。


環境的準備

2-5個月嬰兒所需要的環境準備其實和新生兒差不多，因為固定的生活場所，可以幫助孩子建立安全感。

然而每個孩子的氣質特性都不一樣，所以建議爸爸媽媽可以透過觀察孩子並且記錄孩子的需求來找到孩子的作息，在孩子一歲以前，爸爸媽媽可以儘量地配合孩子的作息，而孩子在一歲以後，依照孩子的能力，讓孩子慢慢地融入到家庭的作息。

爸爸媽媽也可以在這個時間在嬰兒的活動區加入一個用來置放和展示所需的物品（玩具）的小矮櫃，嬰兒可以在可以允許的空間自由探索，同時爸爸媽媽可以協助嬰兒把物品歸位，讓嬰兒慢慢地知道每個東西都有其歸屬的地方，慢慢地嬰兒也學會收拾的概念。


本內容由Ivy's house montessori 支持提供


Babies of 2-5 months are already more proficient in body control than they were at birth. For example, the head will turn to the place where the sound is made, and there will be some whole hand grasping movements; at the same time, the baby's vision can slowly start to see colors, And slowly see objects at close range and objects at a distance.


What environment and items do babies need at this time?

The most important thing for babies during this time is to establish an interpersonal relationship. Therefore, interaction with parents or primary caregivers is the foundation of the most basic interpersonal relationship!

Babies of 2-5 months still need to build a sense of security and trust, so just like a newborn, the high-quality companionship and interaction of parents is the best way for babies to create a sense of security and trust. You can touch your baby gently, whisper with him/her, talk with him/her when the child is awake, hum and sing nursery rhymes, and read picture books for the child when the child is lying on his stomach, practicing raising his head.


Items preparation

  • Gobbi mobile (five or seven balls)

Gobbi mobile (either five balls or seven balls) are made from a single color sphere in varying shades. The Gobbi mobile color changes are both exciting and beautiful and can help babies improve their visual discrimination skills. Mom and Dad can hang the Gobbi mobile at a 45-degree angle, with the darkest color hanging in the lowest position and the brightest color hanging in the highest place. The baby lies under the Gobbi mobile and can observe the color change.


  • Hand pull ring

You can tie a small wooden ring to one side of an elastic ribbon, and then fix the other side to the "baby gym" wooden frame or to the height where the baby's hand may touch in the baby's activity area. This pull ring can promote the baby's hand-eye coordination and stimulate the baby's whole hand reaction: he/she may catch or hit the ball. It should be noted that the ring should be large enough for the baby to reach out and grab it.


  • 2-3 small wooden toys

Different wooden toys such as wooden cars, wooden dolphins, wooden rattles, and wooden balls can stimulate the baby's tactile development and promote their grasping ability. If it is a wooden rattle with sound, the baby can make a rocking motion while the wooden rattle will make a soft sound, thus encouraging the baby to make more rocking motions.


  • All sorts of small balls

All kinds of small balls can stimulate the baby's physical activities with all hands. Simultaneously, the little balls should be able to roll slowly, so that when the baby is lying on his stomach, it can stimulate the baby's crawling movements when he/she is ready.


  • A wooden interlocking ring

The interlocking ring allows the baby to practice whole hand grasping, and it also allows the baby to practice the exchange of hands.


  • A low mirror

Mirrors can help babies explore and develop attention, and they can also help babies have a new understanding of their surroundings. Seeing the reflection on the mirror, the baby can focus on his movements and coordinate. When the baby looks in the mirror, parents should

guide them, tell them that this is a mirror and that you and I in the mirror are our real reflections. Mom and dad can put the mirror in the sports/activity area and avoid placing the mirror next to where the baby sleeps because such a place should be a resting place.


Environment preparation

Environmental preparation for babies of 2-5 months is similar to that of newborns because fixed living places can help babies establish security. Every child has his/her characteristics, so it is recommended that parents can find their children's schedules by observing the children and recording their needs. Before the child is one year old, parents should try their best to match the child's needs. From 1 year old, according to the child's ability, parents could let the child's schedule slowly integrate into the family routine schedule.

Mom and dad can also add a low cabinet and display the items (toys) in the baby's activity area during this time. The baby can freely explore the space, and mom and dad can assist the baby in returning the items when the baby finishes playing. By doing so, parents let the baby slowly know that everything has its place, and slowly the baby also learns the concept of tidying up.


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