為嬰兒（5-12個月）準備的必需品和環境設置 Essential things & environment for newborn (5-12 months)  

第一章： 爸爸媽媽

5-12個月大的孩子經歷了人生最大的發展里程碑，在這短短的幾個月內，孩子不僅學會了翻身，坐，爬行，四點（手和膝蓋）爬行，站，甚至走的大肢體發展；也開始全手抓放，二指或者三指抓捏等精細動作。在這段時間，孩子還開始了所謂的"自然離乳"，慢慢嘗試各種形式的食物。 同時孩子開始和身邊的人進行各種互動，如微笑，揮手，有些孩子甚至開始可以說上幾個字。

因為每個孩子的發展里程碑的時程表各有不同，因此在這里介紹的各種所需物品和環境的設計是針對發展階段而非孩子的月份。

對於5-12個月的嬰兒而言，爸爸媽媽或者是主要照顧者對於嬰兒的需求給予正向的優質回應是孩子建立安全感及依附關係的基石。

5-12個月的孩子開始喜歡社交互動，他會對你微笑，對你揮手，會因為開心而拍拍手，甚至開始明白"不"的指令。他喜歡和爸爸媽媽或者主要照顧者玩躲貓貓的遊戲，也開始出現了與爸爸媽媽或主要照顧者的分離焦慮。

這段時間的爸爸媽媽或者主要照顧者不僅需要尊重及正向地回應孩子的需求，如換尿布前，要尊重孩子並且和孩子說："你尿濕了，我要幫你換尿布了哦"；離開孩子視線前，告知孩子你要去哪裡，什麼時候回來等。還需要為孩子的"獨立"開始鋪路，比如孩子自己學會吃飯，孩子自己獨立睡覺（而非抱睡），孩子可以獨立自己走動等。

認同孩子是一個獨立個體，尊重這個人。給予這個孩子需求正向的回應及各發展階段所需的環境，是爸爸媽媽或主要照顧者這段時間（5-12個月）的最重要功課。

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Session A: Parents

Child aged 5-12 months has experienced the most significant developmental milestones in his life. In these short months, the child has not only learned to stand up, sit, crawl, stand, and even walk such gross motor development. He also begins to grasp and release with the whole hand, two or three fingers grasping, and other fine motor developments. During this time, the child also started the so-called "Self-weaning" and slowly tried various food in various forms. At the same time, he begins to interact with people around them, such as smiling and waving. Some child even starts to speak a few words.

Because each child's developmental milestones happen at different paces, the various required items and prepared environments introduced here are designed for the development stage rather than the child's specific age month.

For children aged 5-12 months, positive and high-quality responses from parents or primary caregivers to the baby's needs are the cornerstone of a child's sense of security and attachment.

Child aged 5-12 months starts to like social interactions. He will smile and wave at people intentionally, clap their hands because they are happy, and even begin to understand what "no" means. He likes to play peek-a-boo games with mom and dad or the primary caregiver, and he also started to experience separation anxiety with his mom and dad or the primary caregiver.

During this period, parents or primary caregivers need to respect and respond positively to their child's needs. For example, before changing diapers, they should respect the child and talk to him gently before the changing starts: "Dear, your diaper is wet; therefore I will need to change your diaper."; Before leaving the child's sight, tell the child where you are going and when you will be back. It is also necessary to pave the way for the child's "independence"; for example, help the child learn to eat, sleep, and walk independently.

Acknowledge that the child is an independent individual and respects him. Giving the child positive responses to his needs and preparing the needed environment for each development stage are the most important tasks for parents or primary caregivers during this period (5-12 months).

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